The BC Property Buyer's Guide卑诗省(BC)购房指南

A plain-English walkthrough of buying a home in British Columbia: what it costs, what the rules are, and what to do at each step.用通俗易懂的语言,带你了解在卑诗省(BC)买房:要花多少钱、有哪些规则,以及每一步该怎么做。

Figures and rules checked October 2026. Rules and thresholds change, so confirm key numbers with the sources listed at the end before you sign anything.数据和规则核查于2026年10月。规则和门槛会变化,在签署任何文件之前,请与文末列出的官方来源核对关键数字。

Chapter 1

Before you start

Buying a home is easier when you know your numbers first. Spend an hour on these basics before you look at a single listing.

Are you ready to buy?

Your monthly housing budget

Lenders look at two ratios. You don't need to calculate them exactly, but it helps to know the targets.

RatioWhat it meansTypical limit
GDSMortgage, property tax, heat, and half of strata fees as a share of gross incomeabout 39%
TDSAll of the above plus every other debt payment (car, student loans, cards)about 44%
Good to know

Being approved for a large amount does not mean you should borrow it. Build your own budget that leaves room for travel, repairs and savings.

Chapter 2

Money and mortgages

This is where most of the rules live. Here is how down payments, insurance and the mortgage stress test work in Canada right now.

Minimum down payment

Purchase priceMinimum down payment
Up to $500,0005% of the price
$500,000 to $1.5 million5% of the first $500,000 plus 10% of the amount above $500,000
$1.5 million or more20% of the price

Example: on a $1.2 million home you need $25,000 (5% of $500,000) plus $70,000 (10% of $700,000), so $95,000 in total.

Mortgage default insurance

If you put down less than 20%, your mortgage must be insured (by CMHC, Sagen or Canada Guaranty). The premium is a percentage of your mortgage and is usually added to the loan.

Down paymentPremium (of the mortgage)
5% to 9.99%4.00%
10% to 14.99%3.10%
15% to 19.99%2.80%

An extra 0.20% applies if you choose a 30-year amortization. Premiums are typical published rates; ask your lender for your exact figure.

BC surprise: PST on the premium

BC charges 7% provincial sales tax on the insurance premium, and it can't be added to your mortgage. You pay it in cash on closing day.

Amortization: 25 or 30 years?

A longer amortization lowers your monthly payment but costs more interest over time. Thirty-year insured mortgages are available to first-time buyers and to buyers of newly built homes. Everyone else is limited to 25 years when putting less than 20% down.

The stress test

Lenders must check that you could still pay if rates rose. You must qualify at your contract rate plus 2 percentage points, or 5.25%, whichever is higher. A pre-approval will confirm what you qualify for.

First-time buyer programs and savings tools

ProgramWhat you get
BC First Time Home Buyers' ProgramFull property transfer tax exemption up to $835,000, partial up to $860,000 (worth up to $8,000)
First Home Savings Account (FHSA)Save up to $8,000 a year, $40,000 lifetime. Contributions are tax-deductible and withdrawals for a first home are tax-free
RRSP Home Buyers' PlanBorrow up to $60,000 from your own RRSP (each partner can), repaid over time
First-Time Home Buyers' Tax Credit$1,500 federal non-refundable credit
GST rebate on new homesEnhanced rebate for first-time buyers of qualifying new homes, with full relief for homes up to $1 million, phasing out toward $1.5 million. Check the CRA for current terms
Who counts as a "first-time buyer" in BC?

For the property transfer tax exemption you generally must be a Canadian citizen or permanent resident, have lived in BC for 12 months (or filed two BC tax returns in the last six years), and never have owned a home you lived in anywhere in the world. Mortgage rules use a different, wider definition, so check each program separately.

BC does not currently offer a provincial down payment loan or grant program.

Chapter 3

Types of property

What you own, and what you are responsible for, depends on the type of property.

Freehold (detached, duplex, townhouse on its own lot)

You own the building and the land. You are responsible for all maintenance and repairs. There are no strata fees, but you carry the full cost of a new roof or a leaking foundation.

Strata (condo, or townhouse in a strata corporation)

You own your unit and share ownership of common areas. You pay monthly strata fees and may face special levies. The strata council makes decisions and enforces bylaws. See Chapter 8.

Pre-sale (buying before it's built)

You sign a contract for a unit that doesn't exist yet. Developers must give you a disclosure statement, and you have a 7-day right to cancel after receiving it. Completion dates can move, prices on paper may change at completion if the appraisal comes in low, and deposits are held in trust. Have a lawyer review the contract before you sign.

Leasehold

You own the right to use the property for a fixed term (often 99 years) but not the land itself. Remaining lease length affects value and financing. Many lenders are cautious, so confirm financing before you commit.

Manufactured home

If the home sits in a park, you often own the home but rent the pad. Look into pad rent, park rules, and whether lenders will finance the home. If it's on its own land, it may be treated more like freehold.

Co-op or cooperative housing

You buy a share in a corporation that owns the building, not the unit itself. Financing is specialized, and the co-op board often approves buyers.

Chapter 4

Where to buy: Metro Vancouver cities

Where you buy shapes your daily life and your budget. Here are five of the region's biggest cities, the neighbourhoods buyers like most, and why.

Read this first

This chapter is a general introduction, not a market report. Prices, transit projects and neighbourhood character change, so always check recent sales and visit in person before you decide.

At a glance

CityKnown forCommon homesTransitPrice level
VancouverBeaches, downtown, culture, walkabilityCondos, townhouses, older detachedExpo, Millennium and Canada Lines; frequent busesHighest
BurnabyCentral location, shopping, big parksHigh-rise condos, townhouses, detached on slopesExpo and Millennium LinesHigh
RichmondFood, flat streets, waterfront, near the airportCondos, townhouses, detachedCanada LineHigh
CoquitlamMountains, lakes, family livingCondos near SkyTrain, townhouses, large uphill homesMillennium Line (Evergreen Extension), West Coast ExpressMid to high
SurreySpace, new construction, fast growthDetached, townhouses, condosExpo Line to King George; Surrey-Langley line under constructionGenerally the lowest of the five

Price level is a rough relative guide. Compare current sold prices in the neighbourhoods you like.

Vancouver

The region's urban heart: beaches, seawall paths, mountain views, and the most walkable neighbourhoods. Detached homes are very expensive, so many buyers choose condos or townhouses.

  • Kitsilano. Beaches, shops along West 4th, cycling routes, and a quick trip downtown. People like the active, social lifestyle.
  • Mount Pleasant. Breweries, cafes, galleries and good transit along Main Street. It suits buyers who want a creative, lively neighbourhood. A subway extension along Broadway is being built nearby.
  • Kerrisdale and Dunbar. Quiet, tree-lined west-side streets, larger lots and well-regarded schools. Popular with families, and priced accordingly.
  • Yaletown, Coal Harbour and downtown. Condo living with the seawall, restaurants and offices on your doorstep. Many residents go without a car.
  • Marpole and South Vancouver. Relatively more affordable by Vancouver standards, with Canada Line access and ongoing redevelopment.
  • East Vancouver (Commercial Drive, Hastings-Sunrise). Diverse food, local shops, arts and parks, with a tight-knit feel.

Burnaby

Sitting between Vancouver and the suburbs, Burnaby is well connected by SkyTrain and has lots of green space, including Burnaby Lake and Deer Lake.

  • Metrotown. A major shopping and dining hub with high-rise condos beside the SkyTrain. Everything is within walking distance, and it's busy and urban.
  • Brentwood. Newer towers around a large shopping and dining centre, with fast SkyTrain links to Vancouver. Popular with buyers wanting modern buildings.
  • Burnaby Heights. A village feel along Hastings Street, with cafes, older homes and North Shore mountain views.
  • Edmonds. SkyTrain access and a diverse range of shops and restaurants, often with better value than neighbourhoods closer to Vancouver.
  • Deer Lake and Burnaby Lake area. Trails, lakes and quieter streets that appeal to families who want nature close to the city.
  • Burnaby Mountain (UniverCity). A forested campus community around Simon Fraser University, with views and trails.

Richmond

An island city with flat terrain, which makes it easy for walking and cycling. Known for its outstanding Asian food scene, and it's close to the airport and the Canada Line.

  • City Centre (Brighouse, Aberdeen, Lansdowne). Condos beside the Canada Line, major shopping centres, and a huge choice of restaurants. It's the most convenient area, and busy.
  • Steveston. A historic fishing village with a boardwalk, fresh seafood and a small-town feel. Charming and popular, with prices to match.
  • Broadmoor. Central and family-oriented, with detached homes, parks and well-regarded schools.
  • Terra Nova. Dyke trails along the Fraser River, parks and quiet streets. Good for walking, running and family living.
  • Hamilton. A newer, growing area with townhouses and fresh amenities, often at lower prices than central Richmond.
Richmond buyer checks

Richmond is low-lying. Ask about flood protection and soil conditions, and check aircraft noise if you're near the airport flight paths.

Coquitlam

Mountains, lakes and trails on your doorstep, with a strong family focus. Transit has improved a lot since the Evergreen Extension opened.

  • Burquitlam. Condo and townhouse redevelopment around the SkyTrain, with quick links to Burnaby and Vancouver. Good for commuters.
  • Coquitlam Town Centre. A major shopping centre, Lafarge Lake, a library and recreation facilities, all walkable from a SkyTrain station.
  • Westwood Plateau. Large family homes, a golf course and mountain views. Peaceful, but you will want a car.
  • Maillardville. A neighbourhood with French-Canadian heritage, local events and generally more modest home prices, with older homes and gradual redevelopment.
  • Burke Mountain. Newer family neighbourhoods surrounded by forest and trails. Spacious and quiet, and mostly car-dependent.

Surrey

One of BC's fastest-growing cities and the biggest in Metro Vancouver by area. Buyers often come for more space and value, and neighbourhoods vary widely.

  • City Centre (Whalley). A fast-growing downtown with towers, a university campus and SkyTrain stations. The best car-light option in Surrey.
  • Guildford. A central location with a large shopping centre and easy access to Highway 1. A mix of housing types and prices.
  • Fleetwood. Family-friendly with parks and schools, and generally good value. A SkyTrain extension is planned along Fraser Highway.
  • Newton. One of the region's most diverse communities, with great food, a busy transit hub and relatively more affordable housing.
  • Cloverdale. A small-town feel with a historic main street, farmland nearby and the annual rodeo. Buyers like the character and open space.
  • South Surrey and White Rock. The Semiahmoo peninsula has beaches, the White Rock pier, Crescent Beach and golf, with an easygoing seaside lifestyle. Prices are higher than elsewhere in Surrey.

How to choose

Match the city to your budget

The first-time buyer exemption applies to homes of $835,000 or less (Chapter 9). In much of Vancouver, that mostly means condos or townhouses. In parts of Surrey and Coquitlam, your budget may reach further. Check what recent sales show in each area.

For current prices, look at the monthly statistics published by the Greater Vancouver REALTORS® (covering Vancouver, Burnaby, Richmond and Coquitlam) and the Fraser Valley Real Estate Board (covering Surrey).

Chapter 5

Build your team

You don't have to hire every one of these, but most buyers want at least the first three.

WhoWhat they do
Mortgage broker or bank lenderGets you pre-approved, explains your options, and finds you a rate. A broker compares several lenders for you.
Realtor (licensed)Finds properties, advises on price, writes your offer, and negotiates. In BC, they must explain who they work for (see below).
Lawyer or notarySearches title, registers the transfer, prepares closing documents and moves the money. Notaries cover residential conveyancing; lawyers can handle more complex issues.
Home inspector (licensed)Checks the property's condition and gives you a written report. BC home inspectors must be licensed.
Insurance brokerArranges home insurance, which lenders require before closing.
Understand "agency"

Before you sign an agreement with a realtor, they must explain in writing who they represent and what services they will provide. Ask questions until you are comfortable.

You can verify a realtor's or home inspector's licence on the BC Financial Services Authority (BCFSA) website.

Chapter 6

The buying process, step by step

Here is the usual order of events from first idea to move-in day.

  1. Get pre-approvedYour lender confirms how much you can borrow and holds a rate for a period (often 90 to 120 days).
  2. Choose your teamInterview a realtor or two and line up a lawyer or notary before you make an offer.
  3. Search and viewUse the viewing checklist in Chapter 12. Check recent sold prices nearby so you know what is fair.
  4. Make an offerYour realtor prepares a Contract of Purchase and Sale with your price, deposit, conditions (subjects) and dates.
  5. Seller acceptsOnce signed by both sides, you have a binding contract. The 3-business-day rescission period starts the next day.
  6. Complete your subjectsInspection, financing, strata documents, insurance and any other conditions. When all are satisfied you remove them in writing.
  7. Sign closing documentsWith your lawyer or notary a few days before completion. You'll sign the mortgage, the transfer and a statement of adjustments.
  8. Send your closing fundsThe remaining down payment, taxes, fees and adjustments go to your lawyer or notary's trust account before completion day.
  9. Completion and possessionThe transfer is filed at the Land Title Office. Once it registers and funds are released, you get the keys, usually on possession day.

Key dates in your contract

DateMeaning
Subject removal dateDeadline to complete conditions or walk away
Completion dateThe day you pay in full and the transfer is filed
Possession dateWhen you can move in
Adjustment dateThe day you start paying property tax, strata fees and utilities

Chapter 7

Making an offer

An accepted offer is a legal contract, so know what you are agreeing to.

What goes into an offer

  • Price. What you'll pay. Your realtor should show comparable sales to support it.
  • Deposit. Often 5% of the price, held in trust by the listing brokerage. It is credited to the price at closing.
  • Subjects (conditions). Things that must happen for the deal to proceed. Common ones: financing, home inspection, strata document review, insurance, and appraisal.
  • Dates. Subject removal, completion, possession and adjustment.
  • Inclusions and exclusions. Appliances, window coverings, light fixtures. Put them in writing.
Think carefully before waiving subjects

In hot markets, offers with no subjects can win. But if your financing or inspection fails, you could lose your deposit or face legal action. Only waive conditions you've already satisfied, for example, a pre-inspection you've reviewed or financing already approved for that property.

The 3-business-day rescission period

Since January 2023, BC buyers of most residential properties have the right to cancel within three business days after an offer is accepted. Weekends and holidays don't count, and the right can't be waived.

  • You must give the seller written notice before the period ends.
  • You pay the seller a fee of 0.25% of the purchase price (for example, $2,500 on a $1 million home).
  • It runs at the same time as your subject periods, not instead of them.

Some property types, such as pre-sale contracts, follow separate rules.

Buyer beware: disclosure in BC

BC sellers generally aren't required to complete a property disclosure statement, though many do. Sellers cannot hide or lie about known "latent defects" (hidden problems that make a home unsafe or unfit to live in). Always get your own inspection.

Chapter 8

Buying a condo or townhouse (strata)

With strata, you're buying into a community's finances, not just a unit. Reading the documents is essential.

Documents to request

  • Form B (Information Certificate). Current fees, special levies, legal claims, insurance and rental or pet restrictions.
  • Minutes. Typically at least two years of council and general meeting minutes. They reveal repairs, disputes and upcoming costs.
  • Financial statements and budget. Look at the contingency reserve fund (CRF), the savings for big repairs.
  • Bylaws and rules. Rentals, pets, age restrictions, short-term rental bans, moving rules.
  • Depreciation report. An expert forecast of major repairs and their cost. Ask whether one exists and when it was done.
  • Insurance details. The strata's deductible matters, because you may be charged for it if the problem starts in your unit.
Red flags in strata documents
  • A low contingency fund compared with the building's age and size
  • Repeated special levies or talk of a large upcoming one
  • Ongoing water-ingress, envelope or elevator problems in the minutes
  • Legal disputes involving the strata
  • Bylaws that conflict with how you plan to use the unit (rentals, pets)

Make strata document review a subject in your offer, and get your realtor or lawyer to read the documents with you.

Chapter 9

Closing costs and taxes

Closing costs are the money beyond your down payment. In BC the biggest one is the property transfer tax.

Property transfer tax (PTT)

PTT is a one-time provincial tax paid when the transfer is registered at the Land Title Office. It is calculated in tiers, like income tax.

Portion of fair market valueRate
First $200,0001%
$200,000 to $2,000,0002%
$2,000,000 to $3,000,0003%
Over $3,000,000 (residential portion)5%

Foreign buyers pay an additional 20% in designated areas (see Chapter 10).

Exemptions

  • First-time buyers: exempt on the first $500,000 for homes of $835,000 or less (a saving of up to $8,000). The exemption shrinks gradually between $835,000 and $860,000 and disappears at $860,000.
  • Newly built homes: full exemption up to $1.1 million, shrinking to nothing at $1.15 million. You do not need to be a first-time buyer, but you generally must be a Canadian citizen or permanent resident.

You generally apply one exemption or the other to a single purchase. Your lawyer or notary will confirm which is better for you.

Property transfer tax calculator

Tax before exemption$0
Exemption$0
You pay$0

An estimate for BC residents. It assumes the price equals fair market value and doesn't include the foreign-buyer tax.

Other costs to budget for

CostTypical amount
Legal or notary fees and disbursements$1,000 to $2,500
Title insurance$200 to $400
Home inspection$500 to $900 (more for large or older homes)
Appraisal (if the lender requires)$300 to $600
PST on mortgage insurance premium7% of the premium, paid in cash
GST on new homes5% of the price (rebates may apply)
AdjustmentsYou reimburse the seller for property tax or strata fees they've prepaid
Home insuranceDepends on home and location
Moving costs and strata move-in feesVaries; some stratas charge deposits
Land title registration feesA few hundred dollars

Amounts are rough ranges to help you plan. Ask for written quotes.

Chapter 10

BC-specific rules to know

British Columbia has a few rules you won't find in every province.

Foreign buyer rules

Federal ban: non-Canadians (people who aren't citizens or permanent residents) are barred from buying most residential property in cities and larger urban areas. The ban is scheduled to run to January 1, 2027, so confirm whether it has been extended.

BC additional property transfer tax: an extra 20% applies to foreign nationals and foreign corporations buying residential property in designated areas, including Metro Vancouver, the Fraser Valley, the Capital Regional District, the Central Okanagan, and Nanaimo. Exemptions exist, for example for some workers and refugees.

Speculation and vacancy tax

Applies in certain larger urban areas. Owners must make a declaration each year. If the home is your principal residence, you're generally exempt. Rates are much higher for foreign owners and untaxed worldwide earners. The foreign rate is rising from 3% to 4% starting with the 2027 tax year.

Additional school tax

High-value homes pay extra school tax. Starting with the 2027 tax year, rates rise to 0.3% on the value between $3 million and $4 million, and 0.6% above $4 million.

Annual property tax and the Home Owner Grant

Property tax is set by your municipality and based on BC Assessment's value of your home. If it's your principal residence, you can claim the Home Owner Grant, currently $570 for the regular grant, which reduces your bill. Seniors, people with disabilities and some others may qualify for more or for deferment programs.

Land title system

BC uses a Torrens land title system run by the Land Title and Survey Authority (LTSA). A title search shows the registered owner and any charges such as mortgages, easements, rights-of-way and covenants. Your lawyer or notary reviews it. Title insurance adds protection against fraud and some errors.

Regulator and consumer protection

The BC Financial Services Authority (BCFSA) licenses realtors and home inspectors and handles complaints. If you have a concern about a licensee's conduct, start there.

Chapter 11

After you buy

Your keys are only the beginning. Here is what to do in the first few weeks, and what to expect each year.

Move-in checklist

Ongoing costs

  • Mortgage payments (and renewal every few years)
  • Property tax, plus utilities
  • Home insurance (and earthquake coverage, which is usually separate)
  • Strata fees if applicable
  • Maintenance: set aside around 1% of the home's value per year for freehold homes
Earthquake and flood

Standard policies often exclude earthquake damage, and overland flood coverage varies by location. Ask your insurance broker what's covered.

Chapter 12

Checklists, glossary and resources

Viewing checklist

Glossary

Amortization
The total number of years it would take to pay off your mortgage.
Adjustments
Reimbursements between buyer and seller for prepaid costs such as property tax and strata fees.
Completion date
The day you pay in full and the transfer is filed at the Land Title Office.
Contingency reserve fund (CRF)
A strata's savings account for major repairs.
Contract of Purchase and Sale
The legal agreement between buyer and seller.
Fair market value
What a property would likely sell for in an open market. Used to calculate property transfer tax.
Latent defect
A hidden problem that can't be found by a reasonable inspection and makes the home unsafe or unfit to live in.
Pre-approval
A lender's estimate of what you can borrow, usually with a rate hold. Not a final approval.
Special levy
An extra charge a strata corporation requires owners to pay for repairs or projects.
Subject (condition)
A clause that must be satisfied or removed before the contract becomes firm.
Title
Your legal ownership of the property, recorded at the Land Title Office.

Official resources

第1章

开始之前

买房时,先把数字弄清楚会轻松很多。在浏览任何房源之前,先花一个小时了解这些基本情况。

你准备好买房了吗?

每月住房预算

贷款机构主要看两个比率。你不必精确计算,但了解目标会有帮助。

比率含义常见上限
GDS按揭月供、物业税、供暖费,以及一半的Strata管理费,占税前收入的比例约39%
TDS上述所有费用,加上其他所有债务还款(车贷、学生贷款、信用卡)约44%
值得了解

获批高额贷款,并不代表你应该借那么多。请自己制定预算,为旅行、维修和储蓄留出空间。

第2章

资金与按揭

大部分规则都集中在这一章。下面介绍加拿大目前的首付、保险和按揭压力测试是如何运作的。

最低首付

购房价格最低首付
$500,000及以下房价的5%
$500,000至$1,500,000前$500,000的5%,加上超出$500,000部分的10%
$1,500,000或以上房价的20%

举例:购买$120万的房子,你需要$25,000($500,000的5%)加上$70,000($700,000的10%),合计$95,000。

按揭违约保险

如果首付低于20%,你的按揭必须投保(由CMHC、Sagen或Canada Guaranty承保)。保费按贷款额的一定比例计算,通常会加进贷款里。

首付比例保费(占贷款额)
5%至9.99%4.00%
10%至14.99%3.10%
15%至19.99%2.80%

如果选择30年摊还期,需额外加收0.20%。以上为常见的公布费率,具体数字请向贷款机构确认。

BC省的意外支出:保费要缴PST

BC省对这笔保险保费征收7%的省销售税(PST),而且不能并入按揭贷款,需要在交易完成当天以现金支付。

摊还期:25年还是30年?

较长的摊还期会降低月供,但长期要付的利息更多。首次购房者和新建房屋的买家可以申请30年摊还期的保险按揭。其他首付低于20%的买家,最长只能是25年。

压力测试

贷款机构必须确认,即使利率上升,你仍然能够还款。你必须按“合同利率加2个百分点”或5.25%(取较高者)通过资格审核。贷款预批准可以帮你确认自己的贷款额度。

首次购房者计划和储蓄工具

计划你能获得什么
BC省首次购房者计划$835,000及以下的房产可全额豁免物业转让税,$860,000以下可部分豁免(最多可省$8,000)
首次置业储蓄账户(FHSA)每年最多存$8,000,终身上限$40,000。存款可抵税,用于首次购房的提款免税
RRSP购房计划(Home Buyers' Plan)可从自己的RRSP借出最多$60,000(夫妻各自都可以),之后分期归还
首次购房者税收抵免联邦$1,500不可退还税收抵免
新房GST退税针对符合条件新房的首次购房者的加强版退税,$100万以下可全额减免,并在接近$150万时逐步取消。请向CRA查询最新条款
在BC省,谁算“首次购房者”?

就物业转让税豁免而言,你通常必须是加拿大公民或永久居民,在BC省居住满12个月(或过去6年内提交过两次BC省报税表),并且在世界任何地方都从未拥有过自己居住的房产。按揭规则的定义更宽,所以请分别核对每项计划。

BC省目前没有省级首付贷款或补助计划。

第3章

房产类型

你拥有什么、需要负责什么,取决于房产的类型。

永久产权(Freehold):独立屋、双拼屋,或独立地块上的城市屋

你拥有房屋和土地,并负责所有维修保养。没有Strata管理费,但更换屋顶或修理漏水地基的全部费用由你承担。

分层产权(Strata):公寓,或属于Strata公司的城市屋

你拥有自己的单位,并与其他业主共同拥有公共区域。你需要缴交每月Strata管理费,并可能面对特别征费。Strata理事会负责决策并执行管理细则。详见第8章。

预售房(楼花):房子建成前购买

你签约购买的单位目前尚不存在。开发商必须向你提供披露声明,收到后你有7天的撤销权。完工日期可能会变动,订金由信托账户保管。签约前请让律师审阅合同。

租赁产权(Leasehold)

你拥有在固定年限内(通常是99年)使用房产的权利,但不拥有土地。剩余租期会影响价值和贷款,许多贷款机构态度谨慎。作出承诺之前,请先确认能否获得贷款。

活动房屋(Manufactured home)

如果房屋位于活动房屋园区内,通常你拥有房屋,但需要租用地块。请了解地块租金、园区规定,以及贷款机构是否愿意提供贷款。如果建在自己的土地上,则可能更接近永久产权。

合作公寓(Co-op)

你购买的是持有整栋楼的公司的股份,而不是单位本身。贷款方式较为特殊,通常还需要董事会批准买家。

第4章

在哪里买:大温哥华各城市

你在哪里买房,会影响日常生活和预算。以下介绍本区五个最大的城市、买家最喜欢的区域,以及原因。

请先阅读

本章只是概括性介绍,不是市场报告。价格、交通项目和社区特色都会变化,所以请在决定前查看最新成交记录并实地考察。

一览表

城市特色常见房型交通价格水平
温哥华(Vancouver)海滩、市中心、文化、步行方便公寓、城市屋、较旧的独立屋Expo、Millennium和Canada Line三条SkyTrain线;公交频密最高
本拿比(Burnaby)位置居中、购物、大型公园高层公寓、城市屋、坡地独立屋Expo和Millennium线偏高
列治文(Richmond)美食、地势平坦、海滨、靠近机场公寓、城市屋、独立屋Canada Line偏高
高贵林(Coquitlam)山景、湖泊、适合家庭生活SkyTrain沿线公寓、城市屋、山坡大屋Millennium线(Evergreen延长线)、West Coast Express中等至偏高
素里(Surrey)空间大、新建房屋多、发展迅速独立屋、城市屋、公寓Expo线至King George站;Surrey-Langley线建设中一般为五市中最低

价格水平仅为大致的相对参考。请对比你喜欢的社区的最新成交价。

温哥华(Vancouver)

本区的城市核心,有海滩、海堤步道、山景,以及最适合步行的社区。独立屋非常昂贵,所以许多买家选择公寓或城市屋。

  • 基斯兰奴(Kitsilano)。海滩、West 4th大街的商店、单车路线,到市中心也很快。人们喜欢这里活跃、爱社交的生活方式。
  • Mount Pleasant。酿酒厂、咖啡馆、画廊,以及Main Street沿线的便利交通。适合想要有创意、有活力社区的买家。附近正在兴建Broadway沿线的地铁延长线。
  • Kerrisdale和Dunbar。西区安静、绿树成荫的街道,地块较大,学校口碑好。深受家庭欢迎,价格也相应较高。
  • 耶鲁镇(Yaletown)、煤港(Coal Harbour)和市中心。住公寓,海堤、餐厅和写字楼就在家门口。许多住户不需要买车。
  • Marpole和南温哥华。以温哥华的标准来看相对实惠,有Canada Line交通,也在持续重新开发。
  • 东温哥华(Commercial Drive、Hastings-Sunrise)。多元的美食、本地小店、艺术和公园,邻里关系紧密。

本拿比(Burnaby)

本拿比位于温哥华和郊区之间,SkyTrain连接便利,绿地很多,包括Burnaby Lake和Deer Lake。

  • Metrotown(金银岛一带)。大型购物和餐饮中心,高层公寓紧邻SkyTrain。一切都在步行范围内,热闹且城市感强。
  • Brentwood。围绕大型购物餐饮中心的新楼群,乘SkyTrain前往温哥华很快。适合想要现代化大楼的买家。
  • Burnaby Heights。Hastings Street沿线有村落般的氛围,有咖啡馆、较旧的房屋和北岸山景。
  • Edmonds。有SkyTrain,店铺和餐厅种类多元,通常比靠近温哥华的区域更有性价比。
  • Deer Lake和Burnaby Lake一带。步道、湖泊和较安静的街道,吸引想让孩子亲近大自然的家庭。
  • Burnaby Mountain(UniverCity)。围绕西蒙菲莎大学(SFU)的森林校园社区,有景观和步道。

列治文(Richmond)

列治文是一座岛城,地势平坦,适合步行和骑单车。以出色的亚洲美食闻名,靠近机场和Canada Line。

  • 市中心(Brighouse、Aberdeen、Lansdowne)。Canada Line沿线的公寓、大型购物中心和极其丰富的餐厅选择。最方便的区域,也很热闹。
  • 史蒂夫斯顿(Steveston)。历史悠久的渔村,有木栈道、新鲜海鲜和小镇风情。迷人又受欢迎,价格也相应较高。
  • Broadmoor。位置居中、适合家庭,有独立屋、公园和口碑良好的学校。
  • Terra Nova。沿弗雷泽河的堤岸步道、公园和安静的街道。适合散步、跑步和家庭生活。
  • Hamilton。正在发展的较新区域,有城市屋和全新配套,价格常比列治文市中心低。
在列治文买房要检查的事项

列治文地势低洼。请询问防洪措施和土壤状况,如果靠近机场航道,还要留意飞机噪音。

高贵林(Coquitlam)

山、湖和步道就在家门口,非常注重家庭生活。自从Evergreen延长线开通后,交通改善了很多。

  • Burquitlam。SkyTrain周边的公寓和城市屋重新开发,可快速前往本拿比和温哥华。适合上班族。
  • 高贵林市中心(Coquitlam Town Centre)。大型购物中心、Lafarge Lake、图书馆和康乐设施,从SkyTrain站步行即可到达。
  • Westwood Plateau。大型家庭住宅、高尔夫球场和山景。环境宁静,但需要有车。
  • Maillardville。带有法裔加拿大文化传统的社区,有本地活动,房价通常较为温和,以较旧的房屋为主,正逐步重新开发。
  • Burke Mountain。被森林和步道环绕的较新家庭社区。空间宽敞、环境安静,大多依赖汽车出行。

素里(Surrey)

素里是BC省发展最快的城市之一,也是大温哥华面积最大的城市。买家常因为更大的空间和更高的性价比而来,各社区差异很大。

  • 素里市中心(Whalley)。快速发展的市中心,有高楼、大学校区和SkyTrain车站。是素里最适合少用车的选择。
  • Guildford。位置居中,有大型购物中心,上1号公路很方便。房型和价格选择多样。
  • Fleetwood。适合家庭,有公园和学校,整体性价比高。Fraser Highway沿线规划有SkyTrain延长线。
  • Newton。本区文化最多元的社区之一,美食丰富、公交枢纽繁忙,住房相对较为实惠。
  • Cloverdale。小镇风情,有历史悠久的主街、附近的农田和每年的牛仔竞技节。买家喜欢这里的特色和开阔空间。
  • 南素里和白石镇(White Rock)。Semiahmoo半岛有海滩、White Rock码头、Crescent Beach和高尔夫球场,生活悠闲,有海滨气息。价格高于素里其他地区。

如何选择

让城市与你的预算匹配

首次购房者豁免适用于$835,000及以下的房产(见第9章)。在温哥华的大部分地区,这基本意味着只能买公寓或城市屋。在素里和高贵林的部分地区,你的预算可能买得更多。请查看各区最近的成交情况。

如需最新价格,请参考大温哥华地产局(Greater Vancouver REALTORS®,涵盖温哥华、本拿比、列治文和高贵林)以及菲沙谷地产局(Fraser Valley Real Estate Board,涵盖素里)每月发布的统计数据。

第5章

组建你的专业团队

你不一定需要请齐以下所有人,但大多数买家至少需要前三位。

谁做什么
贷款经纪或银行贷款专员帮你获得贷款预批准,解释你的选择并找到合适的利率。贷款经纪会替你比较多家贷款机构。
地产经纪(持牌)寻找房源、就价格给出建议、撰写报价并代你谈判。在BC省,他们必须说明自己代表谁(见下文)。
律师或公证人查册产权、办理过户登记、准备交易文件并处理资金。公证人可办理住宅产权转让,较复杂的情况可由律师处理。
验房师(持牌)检查房产状况并提供书面报告。BC省的验房师必须持有牌照。
保险经纪安排房屋保险,贷款机构要求在交易完成前投保。
了解“代理关系”

在你与地产经纪签订协议前,对方必须以书面形式向你说明他们代表谁、会提供哪些服务。有疑问就问,直到你清楚为止。

你可以在卑诗金融服务管理局(BCFSA)网站上核实地产经纪或验房师的执照。

第6章

购房流程,一步一步来

以下是从最初的想法到搬进新家的通常顺序。

  1. 获得贷款预批准贷款机构会确认你能借多少,并在一段时间内(通常为90至120天)为你锁定利率。
  2. 选择你的团队面谈一两位地产经纪,并在报价前联系好律师或公证人。
  3. 找房和看房使用第12章的看房清单。查看附近最近的成交价,了解什么价格合理。
  4. 提出报价你的地产经纪会准备买卖合同(Contract of Purchase and Sale),写明价格、订金、条件(Subject)和日期。
  5. 卖家接受双方签字后,合同即具有约束力。3个工作日的冷静期从次日开始计算。
  6. 完成各项条件包括验房、贷款、Strata文件、保险和其他条件。全部满足后,你以书面形式解除条件。
  7. 签署交易文件在完成日前几天,与律师或公证人一起签署按揭文件、过户文件和费用调整结算表。
  8. 汇入交易资金剩余首付、税费、各项费用和调整款项,需在完成日之前汇入律师或公证人的信托账户。
  9. 完成交易并入住过户文件会提交到土地所有权登记处(Land Title Office)。登记完成且资金放行后,你就能拿到钥匙。

合同中的关键日期

日期含义
解除条件日完成条件或退出交易的最后期限
完成日(过户日)你付清全款并提交过户的日子
入住日(交房日)你可以搬入的日期
调整日你开始负担物业税、Strata管理费和水电费的日期

第7章

提出报价

被接受的报价就是具有法律效力的合同,所以要清楚自己答应了什么。

报价包含哪些内容

  • 价格。你愿意支付的金额。你的地产经纪应提供可比成交案例来支持这个价格。
  • 订金。通常为房价的5%,由挂牌经纪公司的信托账户保管,交易完成时抵作房款。
  • 条件(Subject)。交易继续进行必须满足的事项。常见的有贷款、验房、Strata文件审阅、保险和估价。
  • 日期。解除条件、完成、入住和调整日期。
  • 包含和不包含的物品。电器、窗帘、灯具等。请白纸黑字写明。
放弃条件前请三思

在火热的市场里,不带条件的报价可能胜出。但如果你的贷款或验房出了问题,你可能会损失订金,甚至面临法律诉讼。只放弃你已经确认满足的条件,例如针对该房产已经批准的贷款。

3个工作日冷静期

自2023年1月起,BC省大多数住宅房产的买家,在报价被接受后的三个工作日内有权撤销合同。周末和公众假期不计算在内,而且这项权利不能被放弃。

  • 你必须在冷静期结束前向卖家发出书面通知。
  • 你需要向卖家支付购买价格的0.25%(例如$100万的房子,费用为$2,500)。
  • 冷静期与你的条件期同时进行,而不是取代条件期。
  • 某些房产类型(例如预售合同)适用另外的规则。

买家自负风险:BC省的披露规定

BC省的卖家通常不需要填写房产披露声明,但许多卖家会填。卖家不得隐瞒或谎报已知的“潜在缺陷”(latent defect),即让房屋不安全或不适合居住的隐藏问题。请务必自行聘请验房师检查。

第8章

购买公寓或城市屋(Strata)

买Strata,你买进的是一个社区的财务状况,而不只是一个单位。阅读文件至关重要。

需要索取的文件

  • Form B(信息证明)。目前的费用、特别征费、法律诉讼、保险,以及出租或养宠物的限制。
  • 会议记录。通常至少要看两年的理事会和业主大会记录。它们会揭示维修、纠纷和即将发生的费用。
  • 财务报表和预算。留意应急储备基金(CRF),也就是为大型维修准备的储蓄。
  • 管理细则和规则。出租、宠物、年龄限制、短租禁令、搬家规定。
  • 折旧报告(Depreciation report)。由专家预测大型维修项目及其费用。请询问是否有这份报告,以及是何时做的。
  • 保险详情。Strata的自付额(deductible)很重要,因为如果问题源自你的单位,你可能需要承担。
Strata文件中的警示信号
  • 与楼龄和规模相比,应急储备基金偏低
  • 反复出现特别征费,或有大笔征费即将到来的说法
  • 会议记录中长期存在渗水、外墙或电梯问题
  • 涉及Strata的法律纠纷
  • 管理细则与你打算使用单位的方式相冲突(出租、宠物)

请把审阅Strata文件作为报价中的一项条件,并让你的地产经纪或律师陪你一起阅读这些文件。

第9章

交易成本与税费

交易成本是首付之外还需要支付的钱。在BC省,最大的一项是物业转让税。

物业转让税(PTT)

物业转让税是在土地所有权登记处登记过户时缴纳的一次性省税。它像个人所得税一样分档计算。

公平市场价值的部分税率
前$200,0001%
$200,000至$2,000,0002%
$2,000,000至$3,000,0003%
超过$3,000,000的部分(住宅部分)5%

外国买家在指定地区需额外缴纳20%(见第10章)。

豁免

  • 首次购房者:房产价值在$835,000及以下时,前$500,000免税(最多可省$8,000)。在$835,000至$860,000之间,豁免额逐渐减少,到$860,000时完全消失。
  • 新建房屋:$110万以内可全额豁免,至$115万逐渐减少到零。你不必是首次购房者,但通常必须是加拿大公民或永久居民。

同一笔交易通常只能适用其中一种豁免。你的律师或公证人会确认哪一种对你更有利。

物业转让税计算器

豁免前税额$0
豁免额$0
你需要缴纳$0

这是针对BC省居民的估算。假设价格等于公平市场价值,且不含外国买家税。

其他需要预算的费用

费用常见金额
律师或公证人费用及代垫费用$1,000至$2,500
产权保险$200至$400
验房费$500至$900(大型或较旧的房屋更高)
估价(如贷款机构要求)$300至$600
按揭保险保费的PST保费的7%,以现金支付
新房GST房价的5%(可能有退税)
费用调整你需要向卖家补偿其已预付的物业税或Strata管理费
房屋保险视房屋和位置而定
搬家费用和Strata搬入费各不相同;有些Strata会收取押金
土地所有权登记费几百加元

金额仅为帮助你规划的大致范围。请索取书面报价。

第10章

BC省特有规定

卑诗省有几项规定,并不是每个省都有。

外国买家规定

联邦禁令:非加拿大人(即非公民或永久居民)被禁止在城市和较大都市地区购买大多数住宅房产。该禁令预定实施至2027年1月1日,请确认是否已延期。

BC省额外物业转让税:外国国民和外国公司在指定地区购买住宅房产,需额外缴纳20%,这些地区包括大温哥华、菲沙谷、首都区域(Capital Regional District)、中奥肯那根(Central Okanagan)和纳奈莫(Nanaimo)。设有一些豁免,例如针对部分工作人员和难民。

投机及空置税

适用于某些较大的城市地区。业主每年必须申报。作为主要居所的房屋通常可获豁免。外国业主和全球收入未在加拿大缴税者的税率要高得多。外国业主税率从2027税年起由3%上调至4%。

额外学校税

高价值住宅需缴纳额外学校税。自2027税年起,价值在$300万至$400万之间的部分税率升至0.3%,超过$400万的部分升至0.6%。

年度物业税和房主补助金(Home Owner Grant)

物业税由市政府根据BC评估局(BC Assessment)对你房屋的估值来确定。如果是你的主要居所,你可以申请房主补助金,目前常规补助金为$570,可减少你的税单。长者、残障人士和其他一些人士可能有资格获得更多补助或延期缴税计划。

土地所有权登记制度

BC省使用由土地所有权及测量局(LTSA)运营的土地所有权登记制度。产权查册会显示登记业主以及所有产权负担,例如按揭、地役权、通行权和限制性契约。你的律师或公证人会审核这些内容。产权保险可为欺诈和部分错误提供额外保障。

监管机构和消费者保护

卑诗金融服务管理局(BCFSA)负责向地产经纪和验房师颁发牌照并处理投诉。如果你对持牌人员的行为有疑虑,请先联系他们。

第11章

入住之后

拿到钥匙只是开始。以下是最初几周要做的事,以及之后每年的预期开支。

搬家清单

持续开支

  • 按揭月供(以及每隔几年的续约)
  • 物业税,加上水电燃气等费用
  • 房屋保险(地震险通常需另外投保)
  • Strata管理费(如适用)
  • 维修保养:独立产权房屋,每年大约预留房屋价值的1%
地震和洪水

标准保单往往不包括地震损失,而地面洪水的保障范围也因地区而异。请向保险经纪询问有哪些保障。

第12章

清单、词汇表和资源

看房清单

词汇表

摊还期(Amortization)
还清按揭所需的总年数。
费用调整(Adjustments)
买卖双方之间就预付费用(如物业税和Strata管理费)进行的相互补偿。
完成日(Completion date)
你付清全款并提交过户的日子。
应急储备基金(Contingency reserve fund,CRF)
Strata为大型维修准备的储蓄。
买卖合同(Contract of Purchase and Sale)
买卖双方之间具有法律效力的协议。
公平市场价值(Fair market value)
房产在公开市场上可能的成交价,用于计算物业转让税。
潜在缺陷(Latent defect)
合理验房也无法发现、且让房屋不安全或不适合居住的隐藏问题。
贷款预批准(Pre-approval)
贷款机构对你可借金额的估算,通常附带利率锁定。不是最终批准。
特别征费(Special levy)
Strata要求业主为维修或工程额外缴纳的费用。
条件(Subject / condition)
在合同变为确定之前,必须满足或解除的条款。
产权(Title)
你对房产的合法所有权,登记在土地所有权登记处。

官方资源

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